Abstract:
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This work reviews membrane technologies- specifically Brackish Water Revere Osmosis
(BWRO), Nanofiltration (NF) and Electrodyalisis Reversal (EDR), for drinking water
production from brackish waters at lab, pilot and industrial scale. In the recent years, many
fresh water resources such as surface and groundwater have become overused or misused.
As a result, these resources are either diminishing or becoming low quality waters, which
are supplied to population due to scarcity. These facts combined with the more demanding
standards for drinking water quality cause an increasing complexity of water purification
processes. Classic treatments (flocculation, oxidation, filtration, etc.) cannot reduce salinity
and many so-called emerging contaminants simultaneously. Due to the variability in the
composition of brackish waters and the different regulations, there are no standardized
treatment processes. Therefore, reaching an environmental and economic optimal process
to produce potable water is challenging. |