Title:
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Effects of exposure to water disinfection by-products in a
swimming pool: A metabolome-wide association study
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Author:
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Veldhoven, Karin van; Keski-Rahkonen, Pekka; Barupal, Dinesh Kumar; Villanueva, Cristina M.; Font Ribera, Laia; Scalbert, Augustin; Bodinier, Barbara; Grimalt, Joan O.; Zwiener, Christian; Vlaanderen, Jelle; Portengen, Lützen; Vermeulen, Roel; Vineis, Paolo; Chadeau-Hyam, Marc; Kogevinas, Manolis
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Abstract:
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BACKGROUND: Exposure to disinfection by-products (DBPs) in
drinking water and chlorinated swimming pools are associated
with adverse health outcomes, but biological mechanisms remain
poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: Evaluate short-term changes in
metabolic profiles in response to DBP exposure while swimming in
a chlorinated pool. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The PISCINA-II study
(EXPOsOMICS project) includes 60 volunteers swimming 40min in an
indoor pool. Levels of most common DBPs were measured in water
and in exhaled breath before and after swimming. Blood samples,
collected before and 2h after swimming, were used for metabolic
profiling by liquid-chromatography coupled to high-resolution
mass-spectrometry. Metabolome-wide association between DBP
exposures and each metabolic feature was evaluated using
multivariate normal (MVN) models. Sensitivity analyses and
compound annotation were conducted. RESULTS: Exposure levels of
all DBPs in exhaled breath were higher after the experiment. A
total of 6,471 metabolic features were detected and 293 features
were associated with at least one DBP in exhaled breath
following Bonferroni correction. A total of 333 metabolic
features were associated to at least one DBP measured in water
or urine. Uptake of DBPs and physical activity were strongly
correlated and mutual adjustment reduced the number of
statistically significant associations. From the 293 features,
20 could be identified corresponding to 13 metabolites including
compounds in the tryptophan metabolism pathway. CONCLUSION: Our
study identified numerous molecular changes following a swim in
a chlorinated pool. While we could not explicitly evaluate which
experiment-related factors induced these associations, molecular
characterization highlighted metabolic features associated with
exposure changes during swimming. |
Subject(s):
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-Aigua potable -Clor -Salut -Piscines -Drinking water -Chlorine -Health -Swimming pools |
Rights:
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cc by (c) Veldhoven et al., 2017
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/ |
Document type:
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Article Article - Published version |
Published by:
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Elsevier
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