At the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the issue of identity grew stronger in Catalonia. Of course, architecture was not immune to this trend. Meanwhile, issues of language as an element of identity gain importance both in Europe — with the idealistic defense of Johann Gottlieb Fichte — and in Catalonia — with Pompeu Fabra’s linguistic reform. In this article, we will analyze the relationship between language and architectural language in the context of redemption and reinterpretation of Catalan identity. We will focus on the analysis of the ideas of the architects Josep Puig i Cadafalch and Bonaventura Bassegoda i Amigó and their aspects related to the language of Romanesque and Catalan identity.