The characteristics that make structural membranes suitable for the refurbishment of existing buildings have been investigated by analysing 80 interventions in 24 countries. The cases have been classified chronologically, distinguishing them by fields of application, by countries, and by the type of installations, whether they are mobile or fixed. Several design strategies have been identified and contrasted with the principles set by the International Council on Monuments and Sites. The results are illustrated with examples chosen from the cases investigated, with the aim of highlighting how membrane structures can fulfil the most important principles of the preservation of architectural heritage.