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Title:
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Spanish People with Type 2 Diabetes Show an Improved Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet
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Author:
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Alcubierre Calvo, Núria; Granado Casas, Minerva; Real, Jordi; Perpiñán, Hèctor; Rubinat, Esther; Falguera, Mireia; Castelblanco Echavarría, Esmeralda; Franch-Nadal, Josep; Mauricio Puente, Dídac
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Notes:
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The aim of this study was to assess the dietary pattern (i.e., Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet)
and healthy eating) in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared with those without diabetes. In
addition, we explored clinical factors associated with the dietary pattern. This cross-sectional study
was performed with a sample of 476 participants (238 with T2D and 238 participants without diabetes,
matched for age and sex). The alternate Mediterranean Diet (aMED) score and the alternate Healthy
Eating Index (aHEI) were calculated. Statistical analysis included comparison between groups and
multivariable models. Participants with T2D showed higher aMED and aHEI scores (mean (SD):
4.3 (1.5) and 43.9 (6.5), respectively) in comparison with the control group (3.5 (1.8) and 39.4 (7.4),
respectively; p < 0.001). In addition, a higher proportion of participants with T2D in higher tertiles of
aMED (21.8%) and aHEI (39.9%) was observed compared with participants without diabetes (11.3%
for the aMED, and 19.3% for the aHEI; p < 0.001). The adjusted multivariable analysis revealed that
T2D (p < 0.001), increasing age (p = 0.006 and p = 0.030, respectively), and physical activity (p = 0.009)
were positively associated with higher aMED and aHEI scores. Dyslipidemia and female gender
were positively associated with aMED and aHEI (p = 0.031 and p < 0.001, respectively). The specific
multivariable analysis for the group with T2D yielded a positive association of age (p < 0.001) and
dyslipidemia (p = 0.021) with aMED. Regarding the aHEI, only female gender was positively related
with this score in diabetes participants (p = 0.025). Participants with T2D showed a higher adherence
to the MedDiet and a healthier eating pattern.
This study was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (PS09/01035) and the Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Atenció Primària Jordi Gol (IDIAP Jordi Gol). N.A. and M.G-C. held a predoctoral fellowship from ISCIII (FI11/0008) and Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte (FPU15/03005), respectively. CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM) is an initiative from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Plan Nacional de I + D + I and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional). |
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Subject(s):
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-Type 2 diabetes
-Dietary quality index
-Medical nutrition therapy
-Dietary pattern
-Mediterranean diet
-Healthy eating |
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Rights:
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cc-by (c) Alcubierre et al., 2020
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
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Document type:
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Article
Article - Published version |
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Published by:
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MDPI
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