Oxygenic photosynthesis is a unique and essential photochemical process in which solar energy is used to oxidize water and to form carbohydrates. In this process molecular oxygen is released as a by-product. Thylakoid membranes are specialized photosynthetic electron transfer membranes which represent one of the most elaborate bioenergetic machines known to date. This review focuses on the energy exchange that takes place in the light reactions of the oxygenic photosynthesis process and on the revision of the different studies that attempt to mimic it.