Altres ajuts: Departament de Microbobiologia de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, i l'Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau

Some Aeromonas species, potentially pathogenic for humans, are known to express up to three different classes of chromosomal Β-lactamases, which may become hyperproduced and cause treatment failure. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of these species-specific Β-lactamase genes as phylogenetic markers using whole-genome sequencing data. Core-genome alignments were generated for 36 Aeromonas genomes from seven different species and scanned for antimicrobial resistance genes. Core-genome alignment confirmed the MALDI-TOF identification of most of the isolates and re-identified an A. hydrophila isolate as A. dhakensis. Three (B, C and D) of the four Ambler classes of Β-lactamase genes were found in A. sobria, A. allosacharophila, A. hydrophila and A. dhakensis (bla, bla and bla). A. veronii only showed class-B- and class-D-like matches (bla and bla), whereas those for A. media, A. rivipollensis and A. caviae were class C and D (bla, bla and bla). The phylogenetic tree derived from concatenated sequences of Β-lactamase genes successfully clustered each species. Some isolates also had resistance to sulfonamides, quinolones and aminoglycosides. Whole-genome sequencing proved to be a useful method to identify Aeromonas at the species level, which led to the unexpected identification of A. dhakensis and A.rivipollensis and revealed the resistome of each isolate.