Author:
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Formica, Nadia; Mantilla-Perez, Paola; Ghosh, Dhriti S.; Janner, David; Chen, Tong Lai; Huang, Minghuang; Garner, Sean; Martorell, Jordi; Pruneri, Valerio
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Abstract:
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: Future optoelectronic devices and their low-cost roll-to-roll production
require mechanically flexible transparent electrodes (TEs) and substrate materials.
Indium tin oxide (ITO) is the most widely used TE because of its high optical
transmission and low electrical sheet resistance. However, ITO, besides being expensive,
has very poor performance under mechanical stress because of its fragile oxide nature.
Alternative TE materials have thus been sought. Here we report the development of a
multilayer TiO2/Ag/Al-doped ZnO TE structure and an ITO-free polymer solar cell
(PSC) incorporating it. Electro-optical performances close to those of ITO can be
achieved for the proposed TE and corresponding PSC with an additional advantage in
their mechanical flexibility, as demonstrated by the fact that the cell efficiency maintains
94% of its initial value (6.6%) after 400 cycles of bending, with 6 and 3 cm maximum
and minimum radii, respectively. Instead of common plastic materials, our work uses a
very thin (0.14 mm) flexible glass substrate with several benefits, such as the possibility
of high-temperature processes, superior a |