Energy management is a series of systematic procedures used to realize economics of energy efficiency potentials (Bertoldi & Atanasiu, 2007). Design of energy efficiency strategies in industry in general aims at both gaining knowledge and developing strategies that can assist industry with achieving energy efficiency targets. Significant energy-efficiency improvement opportunities already exist in industrial sectors, many of which are cost-effective (Eichhammer & Wilhelm, 1997). Energy efficiency is specifically important in the battery industry which is becoming a sector with significant impact on the global economy: (a) has potentials to provide access to renewable energy sources (in vehicle to grid systems), (b) provides energy security (by storing excess wind and solar energy for future use), and (c) reduces GHG emissions by promoting use of renewable energy (Rao and Rao, 2011). This study demonstrates the importance of undertaking energy efficiency measures in battery industry focusing on the application of the EROI (energy returned to society on the invested in making batteries), and ESOI (energy stored over the life of battery on invested in making batteries). The theoretical analysis in this study indicated that in addition to estimating ESOI as a measure of battery efficiency, industry needs to also consider EROI as a method for assessing sustainability of the batteries, particularly when those are considered as a distributed source of renewable in EVs (Electric Vehicles) with smart grid configuration (V2G systems). Modeling results also indicated that efficiency of the batteries in the EVs with V2G configuration could be maximized if the daily depth of batteries discharge (DOD) is balanced against their expected lifespans.