Abstract:
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Abstract:
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Smart meters (SMs) measure and report users’
energy consumption to the utility provider (UP) in almost realtime,
providing a much more detailed depiction of the consumer’s
energy consumption compared to regular electricity meters. This
increased rate of information flow to the UP, together with its
many potential benefits, raise important concerns regarding user
privacy. In this work, privacy in a multi-user SM system is
studied from an information theoretic perspective, where the
privacy is measured by the mutual information between the
users’ real energy consumption profile and the SM readings that
are available to the UP. Assuming that the SM readings cannot
be tempered, privacy can be achieved thanks to the existence of
an alternative energy source (AES), which can provide energy to
the users with a given average power constraint. The privacypower
function, which characterizes the minimal information
leakage rate that can be achieved for a given average AES
power constraint is introduced. When the energy demand of the
users is independent and identically distributed over time, the
privacy-power function is characterized in a single-letter form,
which can be numerically computed in the case of discrete input
loads. It is shown that the optimal privacy is achieved through
a memoryless stochastic energy management policy. Explicit
characterization of the privacy-power function is provided for
binary and exponentially distributed input loads. In the multiuser
scenario, when the users’ energy demands are independent
and exponentially distributed with different average values, the
optimal allocation of the AES energy is identified as the solution
of a reverse waterfilling algorithm, which typically allocates more
energy from the AES to the users with higher average energy
demand. |