Sistema de Salut de Catalunya
Institut Català de la Salut
[Brik M, Hernández-Fleury A, Gil J, Barranco FJ, Garcia I, Maiz N, Carreras E] Unitat de Medicina Fetal, Servei d’Obstetrícia, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. [Sandonis M] Servei de Psiquiatria, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Forense, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain. [Mota M] Unitat d’Estadística i Bioinformàtica, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain
Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus
2024-05-31T11:03:27Z
2024-05-31T11:03:27Z
2024-06
Cannabis; Fetal growth; Preterm birth
Canabis; Crecimiento fetal; Parto prematuro
Cannabis; Creixement fetal; Part prematur
Introduction Cannabis potency and its use during pregnancy have increased in the last decade. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of antenatal cannabis use on fetal growth, preterm birth and other perinatal outcomes. Material and methods A propensity score-matched analysis was performed in women with singleton pregnancies attending a tertiary care site in Barcelona. Women in the cannabis group were selected based on the results of a detection test. Primary outcomes were small for gestational age at birth (SGA), low birthweight and preterm birth. Secondary outcomes were other biometric parameters (neonatal length and head circumference), respiratory distress, admission to the neonatal intensive care unit and breastfeeding at discharge. A second propensity score-matched analysis excluding other confounders (use of other recreational drugs and discontinuation of cannabis use during pregnancy) was performed. Results Antenatal cannabis was associated with a higher odds ratio of SGA (OR 3.60, 95% CI: 1.68–7.69), low birthweight (OR 3.94, 95% CI: 2.17–7.13), preterm birth at 37 weeks (OR 2.07, 95% CI: 1.12–3.84) and 32 weeks of gestation (OR 4.13, 95% CI: 1.06–16.11), admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (OR 1.95, 95% CI: 1.03–3.71), respiratory distress (OR 2.77, 95% CI: 1.26–6.34), and lower breastfeeding rates at discharge (OR 0.10, 95% CI: 0.05–0.18). When excluding other confounders, no significant association between antenatal cannabis use and SGA was found. Conclusions Antenatal cannabis use increases the risk of SGA, low birthweight, preterm birth and other adverse perinatal outcomes. However, when isolating the impact of cannabis use by excluding women who use other recreational drugs and those who discontinue cannabis during pregnancy, no significant association between antenatal cannabis use and SGA birth was found.
This research was funded by the Maternal and Fetal Medicine Research Group of Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR).
Article
Published version
English
Cànnabis; Maltractament prenatal per abús de substàncies; Infants prematurs; Avaluació de resultats (Assistència sanitària); Embaràs - Complicacions; ORGANISMS::Eukaryota::Plants::Viridiplantae::Streptophyta::Embryophyta::Tracheophyta::Magnoliopsida::Rosanae::Rosales::Cannabaceae::Cannabis; Other subheadings::Other subheadings::Other subheadings::/adverse effects; NAMED GROUPS::Persons::Age Groups::Infant::Infant, Newborn::Infant, Low Birth Weight::Infant, Small for Gestational Age; DISEASES::Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications::Pregnancy Complications::Obstetric Labor Complications::Obstetric Labor, Premature::Premature Birth; ANALYTICAL, DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES, AND EQUIPMENT::Diagnosis::Prognosis::Pregnancy Outcome; ORGANISMOS::Eukaryota::plantas::Viridiplantae::Streptophyta::Embryophyta::Tracheophyta::Magnoliopsida::Rosanae::Rosales::Cannabaceae::Cannabis; Otros calificadores::Otros calificadores::Otros calificadores::/efectos adversos; DENOMINACIONES DE GRUPOS::personas::Grupos de Edad::lactante::recién nacido::recién nacido de bajo peso::recién nacido pequeño para su edad gestacional; ENFERMEDADES::enfermedades de los genitales femeninos y complicaciones del embarazo::complicaciones del embarazo::complicaciones del parto::parto prematuro::nacimiento prematuro; TÉCNICAS Y EQUIPOS ANALÍTICOS, DIAGNÓSTICOS Y TERAPÉUTICOS::diagnóstico::pronóstico::resultado del embarazo
Wiley
Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica;103(6)
https://doi.org/10.1111/aogs.14818
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
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