Intracranial activity of sotorasib vs docetaxel in pretreated KRAS G12C-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer from a global, phase 3, randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Brain metastases; Non-small cell lung cancer; Sotorasib

Metàstasis cerebrals; Càncer de pulmó de cèl·lules no petites; Sotorasib

Metástasis cerebrales; Cáncer de pulmón de células no pequeñas; Sotorasib

Objectives To assess the efficacy and safety of sotorasib in patients with brain metastases using data from the phase 3 CodeBreaK 200 study, which evaluated sotorasib in adults with pretreated advanced or metastatic KRAS G12C-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and methods Patients with KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC who progressed after platinum-based chemotherapy and checkpoint inhibitor therapy were randomized 1:1 to sotorasib or docetaxel. An exploratory post-hoc analysis evaluated central nervous system (CNS) progression-free survival (PFS) and time to CNS progression in patients with treated and stable brain metastases at baseline. Measures were assessed by blinded independent central review per study-modified Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology Brain Metastases (RANO-BM) criteria. Results Of the patients randomly assigned to receive sotorasib (n=171) or docetaxel (n=174), baseline CNS metastases were present in 40 (23%) and 29 (17%) patients, respectively. With a median follow-up of 20.0 months for this patient subgroup, median CNS PFS was longer with sotorasib compared with docetaxel (9.6 vs 4.5 months; hazard ratio, 0.43 [95% CI, 0.20–0.92]; P=0.02). Among patients with baseline treated CNS lesions of ≥10 mm, the percentage of patients who achieved CNS tumor shrinkage of ≥30% was two-fold higher with sotorasib than docetaxel (33.3% vs 15.4%). Treatment-related adverse events among patients with CNS lesions at baseline were consistent with those of the overall study population. Conclusions These results suggest intracranial activity with sotorasib complements the overall PFS benefit observed with sotorasib vs docetaxel, with safety outcomes similar to those in the general CodeBreaK 200 population. Clinical trials registration number: NCT04303780.

Representatives of the sponsor, Amgen Inc., designed the clinical study in collaboration with some of the study investigators. Amgen Inc. managed patient data collection at the study sites, maintained the study database, performed the analyses, funded medical writing support, paid publication costs, and paid the open access charge for this article.