Brain sources localization in EEG data by combining forward and inverse model: Application to patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Abstract

In recent years a pathology has been discovered that could be considered a neurodevelopmental disease. Studies with histopathological techniques and with Neuroimaging techniques, such as MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), have detected abnormalities in the structure of certain brain regions. Other techniques have made it possible to observe alterations in the functioning of the brain of these patients in comparison with that of healthy individuals. These findings support the theory that schizophrenia may have its origin in alterations in very early brain development. However, despite significant advances in the understanding of schizophrenia, it remains a pathology with treatment questions. Schizophrenia is a chronic mental health disorder that affects the way a person feels, thinks and behaves, so that the person interprets reality abnormally. Patients may lose contact with reality (psychosis), suffer from hallucinations, delusions, among others. This project is based on MRI and EEG (Electroencephalography) signals from a large database of healthy control patients and patients with psychiatric disorders (chronic schizophrenia), with the main objective of performing analyses combining the direct model (obtained from the MRI signal) and the inverse model (from the EEG data). For the fulfillment of the objectives, we use Brainstorm, which is an open source collaborative application dedicated to the analysis of brain recordings. This application allows the resolution of the direct and inverse models, in this case to identify the locations of brain sources and areas of interest in order to find significant differences between healthy control patients and patients with psychiatric disorders. Finally, we were able to perform an in-depth analysis combining the direct and inverse models to locate the sources of brain activity generation from a large database of healthy control patients and patients with schizophrenia

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